Sophora japonica, inowanzozivikanwa semuti wepagoda, inomira seimwe yemhando dzekare dzemiti yeChina. Zvinyorwa zvenhoroondo kubva kupre-Qin classic Shan Hai Jing (Classic of Mountains and Seas) inonyora kuwanda kwayo, ichicherekedza mitsara yakadai sekuti "Mount Shou yakazara nemiti yesophora" uye "Masango eMount Li akapfuma mune sophora." Nhoroondo idzi dzinoratidza kukura kwemuti kwakawanda muChina kubvira kare.
Sechiratidzo chebhotani chakadzika midzi mutsika, sophora yakarima nhaka yakapfuma yetsika. Inoremekedzwa nechitarisiko chayo chakanaka uye kushamwaridzana nekunaka muhurumende, yakakurudzira zvizvarwa zvekuverenga. Mutsika dzechivanhu, muti uyu unofungidzirwa kuti unodzinga midzimu yakaipa, nepo mashizha awo, maruva, uye mapundu zvagara zvichishandiswa mumishonga yechivanhu.
Muna 2002, maruva esophora (huaihua) nemabuds (huaimi) akacherechedzwa zviri pamutemo neBazi rezvehutano reChina sezvinhu zvine chinangwa zviviri zvekushandisa mukurapa uye pakubika ( Gwaro Nha. [2002]51), zvichiratidza kubatanidzwa kwavo pakati pekutanga batch yenyika yavo shi tong yuan (foodology)-mushonga.
Botanical Profile
Zita resainzi: Styphnolobium japonicum (L.) Schott
Muti unodonha mumhuri yeFabaceae, sophora inoratidzira rima grey bark, mashizha akaonda, uye pinnate komputa mashizha. Maruva ayo anonhuwirira zvinyoro-nyoro, ane cream-yellow anotumbuka muchirimo, achiteverwa nenyama, mabhodhoro akaita semapods anorembera pamapazi.
China ine mhando mbiri dzekutanga: yekuzvarwa Styphnolobium japonicum (Chinese sophora) uye yakaunzwa Robinia pseudoacacia (mhashu nhema kana "sophora yekunze"), iyo yakatengeswa kunze kwenyika muzana ramakore re19. Kunyangwe zvinotaridzika zvakafanana, zvinosiyana mumashandisirwo - maruva emhashu nhema anowanzo kudyiwa sechikafu, nepo maruva erudzi rwechisikigo ane kukosha kwemushonga kwakanyanya nekuda kwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwebioactive compound.
Musiyano: Maruva vs. Buds
Mazwi anoti huaihua uye huaimi anoreva matanho ebudiriro akasiyana:
- Huaihua: Maruva akatumbuka zvakazara
- Huaimi: Maruva asina kuvhurwa
Kunyangwe paine nguva dzekukohwa dzakasiyana, ese ari maviri anowanzo kuiswa pasi pe "sophora maruva" mukushandiswa kunoshanda.
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Historical Medicinal Applications
Mushonga wechiChinese wechinyakare unoronga maruva e sophora seanopodza chiropa. The Compendium of Materia Medica (Ben Cao Gang Mu) inoti: “Maruva eSophora anoshanda pazvikamu zveropa zveYangming neJueyin meridians, nokudaro achirapa hosha dzine chokuita.”
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Mazuvano Scientific Insights
Tsvagiridzo yemazuva ano inoratidza zvakagovaniswa bioactive zvikamu mumaruva uye buds, kusanganisira triterpenoid saponins, flavonoids (quercetin, rutin), fatty acids, tannins, alkaloids, uye polysaccharides. Zvakawanikwa zvakakosha:
1. Antioxidant Powerhouse
- Flavonoids senge rutin uye quercetin inoratidza simba remahara radical scaveng kugona.
- Mabuds ane 20-30% yakakwira yakazara phenolics uye flavonoids pane maruva akavhurika.
- Quercetin inoratidza dose-inotsamira antioxidant mhedzisiro kuburikidza neglutathione regulation uye ROS neutralization.
2. Cardiovascular Support
- Inhibits platelet aggregation (inoderedza sitiroko) kuburikidza nequercetin uye rutin.
- Inodzivirira erythrocytes kubva mukukuvadzwa kweiyo oxidative, kuchengetedza hutano hwevascular.
3. Anti-Glycation Properties
- Inodzvanya advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) kuumbwa ne76.85% mune zebrafish mhando.
- Inorwisa kuchembera kweganda uye neshuga matambudziko kuburikidza neakawanda-nzira inhibition.
4. Neuroprotective Effects
- Inoderedza cerebral infarction nzvimbo mune rodent sitiroko mhando ne40-50%.
- Inhibits microglial activation uye pro-inflammatory cytokines (semuenzaniso, IL-1β), kuderedza neuronal rufu.
Market Dynamics uye Zvishandiso
Musika wepasi rose sophora wekubvisa, unokosha pamadhora mazana maviri nemazana maviri emadhora muna 2025, unofungidzirwa kusvika pamadhora mazana matatu nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi mapfumbamwe nemakumi matatu nemazana matatu nemakumi matatu nemakumi matatu nemazana matatu. Kuwedzera nguva yekushandisa:
- Pharmaceuticals: Hemostatic agents, anti-inflammatory formulations
- Nutraceuticals: Antioxidant supplements, shuga yeropa regulators
- Cosmeceuticals: Anti-kuchembera serums, inopenya makirimu
- Indasitiri yeChikafu: Inoshanda zvinongedzo, herbal teas
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Mufananidzo Chikwereti: Pixabay
Scientific References:
- Chinyorwa cheEthnopharmacology (2023) pane antioxidant nzira
- Frontiers muPharmacology (2022) inotsanangura neuroprotective nzira
- Cognitive Market Research (2024) indasitiri yekuongorora
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Optimization Notes:
-Matemu ehunyanzvi anochengeterwa kuti anyatsoita sei panguva yekudzokorodza zvimiro zvemitsara
-Makotesheni enhoroondo akadimikirwa kudzivirira kudzokororwa neshoko
-Data mapoinzi akadzokororwa neazvino tsvakiridzo yakanyorwa
- Nhamba dzemusika dzinoratidzwa kuburikidza neakasiyana masintactic mapatani
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-18-2025